HUMAN EAR
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EXTERNAL EAR:
Pinna (Auricle)-
External Auditory Meatus-
Tympanum (Note: the tympanum separates the external ear from the middle ear)
MIDDLE EAR:
Ossicles-
malleus
incus
stapes
Eustachian (Auditory) tube- connects the nasopharynx with the middle ear.
INNER EAR:
Oval window
Bony labyrinth-
Structures which are part of the bony labyrinth include:
1. semicircular canals
2. vestibule
3. cochlea
Membranous labyrinth-
Structures which are a part of the membranous labyrinth include:
1. semicircular ducts: membranous tubes within the semicircular canals
2. ampulla: sac-like dilation of the semicircular ducts
3. utricle: upper, larger membranous chamber within the vestibule
4. saccule: lower, smaller membranous chamber within the vestibule
5. cochlear duct (scala media): spiral shaped membranous tube within the cochlea; filled with endolymph
Perilymph- fluid that surrounds all of the membranous labyrinth structures
Endolymph- fluid within all of the membranous labyrinth structures
Internal Structures of the Cochlea:
Scala vestibuli- chamber filled with perilymph; extends from the oval window to the helicotrema
Cochlear duct (scala media)- membranous tube within the cochlea (see note above); filled with endolymph
Scala tympani- chamber extending from the helicotrema to the round window; filled with perilymph.Vestibular membrane-
Basilar membrane-
Organ of Corti-
Tectorial membrane-
Round window-
Helicotrema- opening at the apex (tip) of the cochlea, where the scala vestibuli and scala tympani meet
Vestibulocochlear (Auditory) nerve (VIII)-
NOTE: The middle ear is separated from the inner ear by a thin, bony partition that contains the oval window and the round window.
Last Updated 05/26/06
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