BIO 1007 Seminar Objectives: Unit 1
Note about seminar: These questions are meant to be an overview of unit one but do not represent all topics that may be covered in class. Compiling written answers to these objectives is an expectation of your seminar instructor. Questions will be discussed and students will have an opportunity to ask questions during this time. You may also have quizzes during seminar to reinforce the concepts covered throughout the semester. I hope you take advantage of this very important component of the course!
Ch. 1 An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology
1. Define
the terms anatomy, physiology, anatomical position, and
homeostasis. Using an example, describe what is meant by negative
feedback and positive feedback.
2. Define each of the following: a) cytology; b) histology; c) renal physiology;
d) cardiac physiology; e) osteology; f) myology; g) neurology; h) endocrinology;
and i) pathological physiology
For questions 3-5: Go to the biology lab and use a human torso to identify organs as you study and complete written answers for these questions. Familiarize yourself with the lab layout and instructors and tutors.
3. Name the organ systems of the body and describe one general function for each one.
4. Describe the major subdivisions of the ventral body cavity.
5. Find each of the following organs on a human torso and a chart in the lab. 1) Name the specific body cavity in which the organ is found; and 2) Name the organ system(s) to which it belongs: a) pancreas; b) adrenal gland; c) spleen; d) esophagus; e) cerebrum; f) appendix; g) ovaries; h) trachea; i) spinal cord; j) lungs; and k) heart.
6. It is critical for you to be able to speak the language of anatomy! Give an anatomical term (landmark; or adjective) to name each of the following body parts/regions: a) forehead; b) eye; c) mouth; d) neck; e) cheek; f) armpit; g) arm; h) palm; i) navel; j) groin; k) thigh; l) loin (small of back); m) back of knee; n) sole of foot; o) wrist; (p) forearm; and q) back of elbow.
Ch. 2 The Chemical Level of Organization
7. Why
does knowing the number of electrons in an atom's outermost shell help to
understand chemical bonding patterns? The web site linked below provides an
interactive learning experience on atoms:
http://www.classzone.com/books/earth_science/terc/content/investigations/es0501/es0501page03.cfm?chapter_no=investigation
8. Elements are pure substances composed of only one type of atom. Give the name of the chemical element represented by each of the following symbols: C; H; O; P; K; I; N; S; Ca; Fe; Mg; Na; Cl (See Appendix II for the Periodic Chart of the Elements at the back of your text).
9. Give examples and general functions for each of the following groups of organic compounds: a) carbohydrates; b) lipids; c) proteins; and d) nucleic acids.
10. Compare and contrast DNA molecules and RNA molecules.
Ch. 3 Cell Structure and Function
11. Describe the general structure of the cell membrane. What specific part of the membrane is hydrophilic and what part is hydrophobic?
12. With reference to membrane transport, distinguish between passive and active processes. Classify each of the following processes as either passive or active transport and define each process: a) diffusion; b) osmosis; c) filtration; d) facilitated diffusion; e) active transport; f) endocytosis; and g) exocytosis. Go to the lab to view demonstrations of a-c.
13. With reference to the process of osmosis, what effect would the following solutions have on a person’s red blood cells if given intravenously?
A.
distilled water
B. 0.9% saline solution (0.9% salt water)
C. 5% saline solution (5% salt water)
*Note: Use the terms "isotonic", "hypertonic", and "hypotonic" to describe the above solutions.
14. In general, describe the processes of transcription and translation as they apply to the process of protein synthesis. Distinguish between mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA in terms of their functions. For an interactive tutorial on these processes, try the DNA Workshop at PBS.org:
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aso/tryit/dna/#
15. Name the four phases of mitosis, and one important characteristic for each. Check out this animation of mitosis: http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072495855/student_view0/chapter2/animation__mitosis_and_cytokinesis.html.
Ch. 4 The
Tissue Level of Organization
*Note:
There are several web sites with photomicrographs of the tissues that would be
helpful. They are linked from Mrs. Caley Opsal's
Online
Science Resources
page. Study tip: Make labeled drawings of each tissue type to facilitate
learning!
16. Using your lab checklist packet which lists the specific tissues you are responsible for identifying in your lab, give the name of the tissue and describe its unique characteristics, including cell types and locations in the body.
Ch. 5 The Integumentary System is not included in exam 1, but will be on a quiz after exam 1 has been taken.
Last Updated 09/11/09